农村妇女问题——应对全球化挑战的国际政策干预

Rural Women's Issue:International Policy Intervention in Response to the Challenges of Globalization

文章通过对过去几十年与农村妇女相关的人权公约、国际会议文书、联大决议及联合国系统有关机构的部门政策进行的系统梳理,揭示了伴随全球化进程的不断加速和国际发展范式的流变,国际社会对农村和农村发展中妇女和社会性别问题的认识和理解也在不断深化。1975—1995年间召开的四次世界妇女大会在将农村妇女问题纳入国际发展议程方面起了关键性的作用。《消除对妇女一切形式歧视公约》和《北京行动纲领》仍是当下促进农业和农村中社会性别平等和引领农村妇女赋权的主要立法和政策框架。为了更有效地应对全球化的挑战,进入21世纪之后,农村妇女/社会性别问题成为新一轮国际政策干预的一个重要议题。

Based upon the study of specific policies with regard to rural women over the past several decades,which include human rights convention,international conference instruments,the resolutions of the United Nations General Assembly,and the policies developed by some UN entities,this study indicates that there has been a deepening understanding of women/gender issues in agricultural and rural development,along with the speeding of the globalization and the evolution of international development paradigms.The four world women＇s conference held during the period of 1975-1995 played a critical role in integrating rural women＇s issues into global development agenda.To respond more effectively to the challenges of globalization,rural women/gender issues have become an important theme in a new wave of international policy interventions in the 21th century.