复杂条件下地下水磁共振探测与灾害水源探查研究进展

The Situation and Progress of Magnetic Resonance Sounding for Groundwater Investigations and Underground Applications

磁共振地下水探测是一种直接非侵害性探测地下水的地球物理新方法,与传统地球物理探测地下水方法相比,具有高分辨力、高效率、信息量丰富和解唯一等优点。近年来地下水磁共振探测技术发展迅速,不仅用于缺水地区的地下水勘查,还在地下灾害水源(由于地下水引起的灾害如堤坝渗漏、隧道/矿井水害、滑坡、海水入侵等)的探测预警中进行了探索性研究。综述了复杂条件下地下水磁共振探测技术的研究现状,包括强电磁干扰环境的自适应噪声压制、地下小水体的2D/3D磁共振探测、复杂条件的数据处理与反演、针对喀斯特地貌等地质环境的地下水磁共振与瞬变电磁联合探测研究成果,简要介绍了磁共振技术用于滑坡、海水入侵和隧道涌水等灾害水源探查的探索性研究示例,展望了地下水磁共振探测技术的未来发展趋势。

Nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） has emerged as a new geophysical technique allowing direct, noninvasive groundwater investigations from the surface. Comparing to the traditional geophysical methods, the current state-of-the-art NMR method is higher resolution, more efficiency, more information and unique interpretation for hydrogeological investigations. In the last two decades, MRS has been widely used, not only in groundwater exploration, but also in water-disaster forewarning, including dam leakage, tunnel gushing, water-impacted landslide, and seawater intrusion. The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of various aspects of MRS for groundwater exploration in complex geophysical settings. We report the recent researches, includes adaptive signal processing for mitigating electromagnetic noise, 2D/3D MRS methods for low-volume detection, forward modeling and field-data inversion under complex conditions, as well as joint uses of MRS and TEM methods in karst aquifers. By introducing several case studies, we prospect the developing trends of MRS for groundwater assessment.