水声聚焦相控阵列及其声场特性研究

An underwater focused acoustic phased array and its sound field characteristics

针对超空泡鱼雷的流体动力受空泡包络形态强烈约束的特点,研究了一种用于扰乱其空化包络的水声聚焦相控阵列。首先讨论了水声聚焦相控阵列的设计要求,推导了凸球面相控阵换能器的声场传播公式,然后利用基于伪逆矩阵的声场合成算法对阵列的聚焦性能进行仿真,结果显示,在相同的阵列发射面积下,采用波束宽度较大的小阵元,可以相对提高声焦点处的压强和扩大有效聚焦区域,而阵列孔径对有效聚焦区域的影响较小。最后仿真研究了多焦点控制模式可能的应用。

Aiming at the fact that the hydrodynamic characteristics of supercavitating torpedoes strongly depend on the supercavity envelopes, a high intensity underwater focused acoustic phased array used to remotely disrupt this envelope surface was presented here. Firstl, the design requirements of an underwater focused acoustic phased array were discussed, and then an efficient sound field calculation formula for a convex spherical-section phased array was derived. Furthermore, the sound focusing characteristics of the above array were simulated and analyzed based on pseudo-inverse method. It was shown that the arrays with the minimum element size and the larger beam angle rise the intensity of focus pressure, and expand the valid focusing region under the same emission area; however, the effect of the array aperture on the valid focusing region is smaller. Finally, the possible application of a multiple-focus pattern was investigated.