建筑结构防振设计

Vibrationproof Design for Building Structures

建筑结构防振设计涉及到建筑物内部精密设备、仪器、仪表的精密度,机械设备和操作的工作条件,工作人员的舒适度,建筑物的安全和耐久性,以及不致影响其使用的容许振动防振指标。防振的主要措施:通过厂址选择,远离强振动、强噪声、强风沙、强电磁波辐射、有害气体液体等污染和不良环境;厂区和车间的合理布置,振源和精密设备相对集中、互相远离,尽量满足允许振动的防振距离要求;建筑结构本身要使得其基本频率避开共振区,构造上要采取局部加强以减弱振动影响;室内气流控制低速、门窗要求弹性密闭等。若还难以满足允许振动要求,则需要采取对有害振源的隔振,或对受振精密设备、仪器、仪表采取隔振(必要时采取同时隔振),从而满足不同设备、人、建筑物的防振指标要求。

Vibrationproof design for building structures is important esp for precision equipment and instru- ments/meters in the building. Working conditions of mechanical equipment and operators, the safety and dura- bility of buildings as well as vibrationproof index are required for allowable vibration. For the vibrationproof of building structures, such measures shall be taken ： （ 1 ） Selecting proper site location, keeping away from re- gional intensified vibration, high level of noise, strong wind/sand, strong electromagnetic radiation, harmful gases/liquids, pollution and poor environment; （2） Design in plant/workshop layout rationally, grouping the vibration sources and precision equipment relatively and respectively and meeting the requirements of vibration- proof distance ; （3） Consideration for the building structures, avoiding resonance zones ; （4） Structural design in reinforcing the structure, keeping low indoor air speed and ensureing good tightness of doors/windows. If the vibrationproof requirements can not be satisfied, vibration isolation measures shall be taken to the vibration sources or to the precision equipment and instruments/meters subjected to vibration. All these measures are in- tended to meet the vibrationproof index fo different precision equipment, personnel and buildings.