钱塘江河口生态环境变化及对策

Changes of ecological environment in the Qiantang Estuary and corresponding countermeasures

为保障钱塘江河口地区社会经济和生态环境的稳定,科学推进治理工作,分析探讨了钱塘江河口地区生态环境的状况及其影响因子。结果表明:大规模实施"全线缩窄"治理方案以来,河口地区生态环境发生了新的变化,洪水、潮汐作用进一步增强;水资源需求不断增长,开发利用程度加大,跨流域配水量增加,水环境污染加剧;主槽摆动趋于平缓,河床冲淤幅度减小,河势趋于稳定;滩涂湿地资源总量减少,生态服务功能受到限制;水生生物物种减少,生物多样性有下降趋势。针对上述问题,提出了加强流域水资源管理、推进水环境治理、科学围垦和淤垦平衡、统一推进河口生态规划建设等意见和建议。

In order to ensure stabilization of the socio-economy and ecological environment,and to promote scientific treatment of the estuary,the status and influencing factors of the ecological environment in the Qiangtang Estuary were analyzed.The results show that the ecological environment of the estuary has changed since the large-scale ＂bed regulation＂ treatment scheme was put into operation.Changes include enhancement of the flood and tide effect,increase of the exploration and utilization of water resources,aggravation of water environmental pollution,and a decrease of mudflat wetland and aquatic life species.In addition,the main channel swing is getting smaller and smaller,and the river regime is tending towards stability with a decreasing range of erosion and deposition of the riverbed.Some suggestions are proposed to solve these problems,including strengthened water resource management,rehabilitation of the water environment,scientific reclamation,and a drawn out ecological plan.