国外公共体育服务均等化的理论研究与实践经验

Theoretical Research on Practical Experience of Equalization of Public Sports Services Abroad

国外对于公共体育服务均等化开展了广泛的研究和实践。从理论研究来看主要包括体育权利、公共体育场地设施供给、公共体育场地设施享有和对公共体育政策的评价反思。从实践来看美国的"健康公民"计划、英国的政府绩效评价制度、日本学校体育与社会体育共同发展的做法,以及其它国家多个社会组织协同合作的方式,能够有利地推动公共体育服务均等化的实现,同时社区体育中心是公共体育服务均等化实践中的重要途径。

Extensive research and practice have been carried out to the equalization of public sports services abroad. Theoret- ically, the research lays its concern mainly on such issues as the sports right, provision of public sports facilities, profit from public sports facilities, evaluation and reflection of the public sports policy. Pragmatically, the following items were analyzed as the ＂Healthy People＂ in U. S. A. , evaluation system of government performance in U. K. , school sports and social sports develop jointly in Japan, and the method of multiple social organizations work together to promote the equalization of public sports service which are of valuable experience to China. Meanwhile, it was pointed out that community sports center is an important way to the equalization of public sports service.