影响城乡居民主观幸福感的路径分析——对农村人口流动的文化解释

An Analysis of the Factors That Influence the Subjective Concept of Happiness by Urban and Rural Residents: A Cultural-based Interpretation of the Rural Population Flow

农村人口向城市流动的原因与动力,学术界引用最多的是"推-拉"理论,但这一理论仅仅解释了农村人口向城市流动的经济动力。利用路径分析方法比较影响城乡居民主观幸福感的因素,发现生活质量是主观幸福感最重要与直接的预测变量。除掉教育、职业、收入等直接经济因素,城乡居民在休闲娱乐文化方面的差异通过生活质量直接与间接的影响着城乡居民的主观幸福感,在此基础上,从文化的视角来解释"推-拉"因素,推的力量来自于农村匮乏的文化娱乐生活对农村居民生活质量的影响,拉的力量来自于城市更为丰富的文化娱乐生活以及由此带来的较高的生活质量。

The reason and power of the rural population flow into the city is chiefly interpreted based on the ＂ push - pull＂ theory in the academic field, but this theory only focuses on an explanation of the economic rea- son for the rural population flow into the city. With a comparative study of the influential factors for the concept of happiness by urban and rural residents, it is found that the quality of life is the most important and direct pre- dicting variable of this concept. Besides certain direct economic factors such as education, occupation and in- come, the differences between urban and rural residents in the entertainment culture will directly and indirectly, through the quality of life, impact their subjective concept of happiness. Based on this, the paper interprets the ＂push - pull＂ relationship in the perspective of culture. The power of push comes from the shortage of cultural entertainment in life in the rural areas, while the power of pull comes from the rich cultural entertainment in life in the urban areas, with which there is higher quality of life in city.