焦作地区回汉族糖尿病发病率调查分析

Incidence investigation of diabetes mellitus in Hui and Han population of Jiaozuo region

目的探索焦作地区回汉族糖尿病的患病率及其与体质量指数(BMI)的关系。方法 2010～2011年对焦作地区部分回族及汉族人群年龄在30～81岁居民共663人(回族337人,汉族326人)进行调查,并测量身高、体质量、腰围(WC)、臀围、血压、血糖等指标。结果回族在收缩压、舒张压、体质量、BMI、WC、臀围、腰臀比等方面均明显高于汉族(P<0.05或<0.01)。焦作地区回族糖尿病的患病率为38.6%(130/337),明显高于汉族的患病率8.3%(27/326)(P<0.01);回族糖尿病的患病率也明显高于全国的患病率9.7%(4 949/46 329)(P<0.01)。回族腹型肥胖的糖尿病患病率及非腹型肥胖的糖尿病患病率均高于汉族,分别为腹型肥胖的糖尿病30.0%(101/337)vs 8.0%(26/326)(P<0.05),非腹型肥胖的糖尿病8.6%(29/337)vs 0.3%(10/326)(P<0.01)。结论焦作地区回族的糖尿病的患病率要明显高于全国水平,而汉族糖尿病的患病率与全国水平接近。BMI和WC升高是糖尿病的主要危险因素之一,控制BMI和WC升高对于降低糖尿病的发生有重要意义。

Objective To explore the prevalence and characteristics of diabetes mellitus in Hui and Han population aged 30 years and over in Jiaozuo. And to analyze the association between the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and body mass index（BMI）. Methods We conducted a case-control study with 663 people aged 30-81 years. Among the total,337 subjects were Hui population, 326 subjects were Han population. Among them, integrated records of body height, body mass, waist circumference（WC）, hip circumference,blood pressure,fasting plasma glucose were analyzed. The waist hip ratio （WHR） and BMI were computed. Over weight was defined as BMI≥24,and the criteria of central obesity：WC≥90 cm for men,WC≥80 cm for women. Excel was used to build database, SPSS 10.0 was used for analyses. Results Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, body mass, BMI, WC, hip circumference, WHR in Hui population were significantly higher than those in Han population （ P （0.05 or （0.01）. The prevalence of diabetes in Hui of Jiaozuo was 38.6%（130/337）, while that was 8.3%（27/326） for Han, and the difference was statistically significant （ P 〈 0.01） ; Meanwhile, the Hui was significantly higher than 9.7 % （4 949/46 239） of the national incidence, the difference was statistically significant（ P （0.01）. Abdominal obesity diabetes prevalence and non-abdominal obesity diabetes prevalence in Hui was higher than those in Han. Abdominal obesity diabtes prevalence 30.0%（101/337） vs 8.0%（26/326）（ P （0.05）,non-abdominal obesity diabetes prevalence 8.6%（29/337） vs 0.3%（10/326）（ P〈0.01）, respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of diabetes in the Hui of Jiaozuo was significantly higher than the national average,while the Han and the national prevalence of diabetes is close. Elevated BMI and WC are major risk factors of diabetes,controlling for BMI and WC increase is important to reduce the incidence of diabetes.