新疆喀什388名维吾尔族孕妇膳食调查

Dietary survey of 388 Uygur pregnant women in Kashgar city

目的了解维吾尔族孕妇的膳食结构和营养素摄入水平,为在少数民族地区进行妇幼营养的宣传教育、促进孕妇及胎儿健康提供依据。方法以388名维吾尔族孕妇为调查对象,采用连续3 d 24 h回顾法进行膳食状况调查,将收集的数据录入Excel建立数据库,与《中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量(DRIs)》进行比较。结果每天膳食摄入的营养素中钙、铁、锌及维生素B1、B2、C每天摄入量分别为585.36(58.54%)、27.92(79.77%)、12.54(76.00%)、1.19(79.33%)、1.15(67.65%)、53.60(41.23%)mg。碘及叶酸的每天摄入量分别为17.87(8.94%)μg、123.95(20.66%)μgDFE。其余的营养素摄入量均达到推荐供给量标准;从植物性食物中摄取的蛋白质量占总蛋白的92.81%,动物性食物仅占7.19%。结论孕妇三大产热营养素供热比合理,钙、铁、锌,以及维生素B1、B2、C,碘和叶酸摄入量不足。建议增加所缺乏营养素的摄入,更好地促进孕妇和胎儿健康。

Objectives To know the dietary structure and the level of nutrient intake of the Uyghur pregnant women in order to provide the basis for the educational propaganda for maternity and child nutrition and promote the health of pregnant women and fetus in minority region.Methods 388 Uyghur pregnant women were selected as the research subjects,the dietary condition was surveyed by continuously 3 d 24 h reviewing method.The collected data were put into Excel for establishing the database and conducting the comparison with the Chinese Dietary Reference Intakes（DRIs）.Results Among the daily dietary nutrients,the daily intake of calcium,iron,zinc,vitamin B1,vitamin B2 and vitamin C were 585.36（58.53%）,27.92（79.77%）,12.54（76.00%）,1.19（73.10%）,1.15（67.60%）and 53.60（41.42%） mg,respectively.The daily intake of iodine and folic acid were 17.87（8.90%）μg and 123.95（23.65%）μgDFE,respectively.The intake of the rest nutritions all reached the recommended standard.For protein source of food,plant protein accounted for 92.81% and animal protein accounted for only 7.19%.Conclusion The heat supply ratio of pregnant women′s heat production nutrients is reasonable.The intake of calcium,iron,zinc,vitamin B1,vitamin B2,vitamin C,iodine and folic acid is insufficient.It is suggested that increasing the lacked nutrients intake to promote the health of pregnant women and of fetuses.