全髋关节置换术后脱位的风险分析

Dislocation risk after total hip arthroplasty

目的探讨分析全髋关节置换术后常见的脱位失效的风险。方法利用光学运动捕捉系统对正常人群进行日常行为的下肢运动学测量,设计并开发可视化髋关节假体运动分析软件。利用该软件测量不同设计参数的髋关节假体的最大安全活动范围,分析臼杯假体和股骨柄假体的相对运动关系,判断假体的活动安全性。结果利用测量得到的人体行为运动学数据,通过软件对比天然髋关节的活动度与全髋关节置换术后的活动范围,获得了髋关节假体脱位与人体行为运动的关系,并检测了植入假体的脱位风险。结论全髋关节置换术后的高屈曲动作脱位风险较大,尤其是下蹲、下跪动作。

Objective To investigate and analyze the risk of dislocation failure after total hip arthroplasty（THA）.Methods The optical motion capture system was used to obtain the kinematic data of the lower limbs during actions of daily living（ADLs） from normal people.The visual hip prosthesis motion analysis software was designed and developed to measure the maximum safe motion space of the hip prosthesis with different design parameters and judge the safety of the hip prosthesis by analyzing the relative motion relation between the cup and prosthetic stem.Results Based on the measured kinematics data,the motion analysis software could compare the range of motion of the natural joints and that after THA.Thus,the relationship between the dislocation of hip prosthesis and ADLs was obtained and the dislocation risk after THA was investigated.Conclusions There is a high risk when activities that require a high flexion motion are performed,especially for the kneeling and squatting activity.