陆上地震数据多次波压制策略

Multiple Suppression Strategies on Land Seismic Data

在陆上地震勘探中,多次波反射与其他干扰波一样,干扰了有效波反射信号并降低了资料的信噪比。根据陆上地震数据中多次波与一次波所表现的不同特点,提出利用动校正叠加技术和频率-波数(f-k)滤波方法相结合的策略以压制地震数据中的多次波。使用一次波速度的动校正叠加技术可以衰减地震数据中的一部分多次波能量;根据叠加剖面确定包含剩余多次波的CMP范围,将f-k滤波方法应用于这些CMP道集上进一步压制多次波。模型试算和实际数据处理结果表明,所提出的多次波压制策略,不仅能有效地衰减多次波能量,而且在处理过程中可以减少对有效波信号的伤害。

In land seismic survey,multiple reflections,like other interference waves,interfere with primary reflections and reduce the signal to noise ratio of seismic data.According to the property of multiples in the land based seismic data,a processing strategy which combines stacking and the f-k filtering for multiple attenuation was proposed.Firstly,stacking with velocity functions from the primaries partially to attenuate the energy of multiples in the original seismic data,and determining the CMP ranges with residual multiples by stacked sections,and then the f-k filtering was applied to the CMP gathers with residual multiples along the profile for suppressing multiples.The results of synthetic and field seismic data processing show that the strategy is not only effective for multiple attenuation in this land seismic data,but also reduces the injury for the primary reflections during data processing.