高速列车模型编组长度和风挡结构对气动阻力的影响

Influence of length of train formation and vestibule diaphragm structure on aerodynamic drag of high speed train model

采用风洞试验的方法,分别对高速列车试验模型2～6车编组状态下的各节车厢气动阻力的分布规律,以及2种不同结构外形的风挡对3车编组列车模型各节车厢气动阻力的影响进行了研究。结果表明:当编组长度大于3车,头车、尾车的阻力系数随编组长度的增加变化较小,中间车的阻力系数约为0.1。1节头车+N节中间车+1节尾车的全车气动阻力系数,可用3车编组模型试验的头车阻力系数+0.1×N+尾车阻力系数之和进行估算。高速列车风洞试验模型分别采用风挡1和风挡2两种风挡,只是使得气动阻力在各节车厢之间形成不同的分配,对由各节车厢相加形成的全车气动阻力的试验结果影响很小。

The wind tunnel test is carried out to study the distribution regularity of aerody- namic drag of each car of the high speed train models from 2-car to 6-car formation, and the affect of 2 types of vestibule diaphragm structure on aerodynamic drag on each car of the train model under 3 car formation. The results indicate= while the train formation is more than 3, the chan- ges of drag coefficients of head car and tail car are little with increase of the number of train for- mation, and the drag coefficients of middle cars are about 0.1. The drag coefficient of entire train under the formation of 1 head car plus N middle cars plus 1 tail car could be estimated by sum of 1 head car plus 0.1×N plus 1 tail car drag coefficient results of 3-car formation. The different distributions of aerodynamic drag among each car of the high speed train model are caused by two different types of vestibule diaphragm 1 and 2, but the affect of vestibule diaphragm structure on aerodynamic drag of the entire train is small.