不同杂交肉牛背最长肌脂肪酸含量分析

Analysis of Fatty Acid Contents of longissimus dorsi in Different Crossbreeds of Beef Cattle

分析研究不同杂交肉牛背最长肌肉脂肪酸含量。选择年龄、体质量和体况接近的安格斯、利木赞、西门塔尔牛与本地黄牛的杂交公牛18头;按不同杂交牛种分为1组(AG×L)、2组(LM×L)、3组(SM×L),每组为6头,各组随机选择3头屠宰,取其背最长肌为材料。结果表明:不同杂交肉牛SFA含量为3组优于1组和2组,皆以棕榈酸和硬脂酸含量为主,且硬脂酸含量3组和1组显著高于2组(P<0.01;P<0.05);MUFA含量为2组优于1组和3组;PUFA含量为3组优于1组和2组,且皆以亚油酸和花生四烯酸含量为优势;总脂肪酸、二十碳五烯酸、n-6 PUFAs和n-3PUFAs含量及PUFA/SFA(P/S)比例为1组优于3组和2组,其n-6/n-3 PUFAs比值为3组优于2组和1组。

A total of 18 bulls with similar age, body weight and body condition （6 ones from each crossbreed） from three crossbreeds （AG × L, LM × L and SM × L） of local cattle with Angus, Limousin and Simmental were analyzed for fatty acid contents in longissimus dorsi. Three bulls randomly selected from each crossbreed were slaughtered to collect longissimus dorsi samples. The results showed that the longissimus dorsi of SM X L had a higher SFA content than that of AG X L and LM × L. For all the three crossbreeds, the major SFA were palmitic acid and stearic acid in longissimus dorsi. Stearic acid content were higher in the longissimus dorsi of SM × L and AG × L than that of LM X L （P 〈 0.01; P 〈 0.05）, while conversely the longissimus dorsi of LM X L was richer in MUFAs than that of SM X L and AG X L. In addition, the longissimus dorsi of SM × L revealed higher PUFA content than that of AG X L and LM × L, and linoleic acid and arachidonic acid were dominant among the PUFAs in the longissimus dorsi of each crossbreed. Total fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid, n-6 PUFAs and n-3 PUFAs as well as PUFA/SFA ratio showed a higher level in AG × L than LM × L and SM X L, while SM × L had a higher n-61n-3 PUFAs ratio than AG × L and LM × L.