密度锁正向启动特性的实验研究

Experimental study of positive direction startup characteristics of a density lock

以应用密度锁的非能动余热排出系统为背景,针对密度锁内水力平衡的建立问题,通过实验研究与理论分析相结合的方法,对不同条件下的密度锁正向启动特性进行研究.实验结果表明:当启动流量与平衡流量偏差较小时,通过上、下界面位置的微小变化,正向启动可以很快地建立密度锁内的水力平衡;当启动流量与平衡流量之间的偏差较大时,在正向启动初期通过上、下界面位置的变化所建立的水力平衡仅是一个亚稳态平衡.而密度锁内最终的水力平衡仅是通过上密度锁内界面位置的变化建立的,下密度锁内界面位置与开阀预热阶段后相同.在实验研究的基础上,通过理论分析给出了成功实现正向启动的条件.

In the case of a passive residual heat removal system which applied the density lock as a background, in order to study the method for establishing hydraulic balance in the density lock, by combining the experimental study and theoretical analysis, a research on the characteristics of positive direction startup was carried out under different conditions in this paper. The experimental result shows that when the deviation between start-up flow and balance-flow is very small, the hydraulic balance in the density lock can be established quickly by a small change of the interfacial position in the upper and lower density locks. When the deviation between start-up flow and bal- ance-flow is relatively large, the hydraulic balance established by the change of the interfacial position in the upper and lower density locks is only a kind of metastable balance at the initial stage of the positive direction startup. The final hydraulic balance in the density lock can be established only by the change of interfacial position in the upper density lock. After the final hydraulic balance is established, the position of interface in the lower density lock is the same as after the stage of warming up. On the basis of the experimental study, the conditions under which the positive direction startup can be finished successfully were proposed by thorough analyses