酸性氯化亚铁废水的处理与资源化研究

Treatment and Utilization of Acidic Ferrous Chloride Wastewater

应用络合萃取法与沉淀法分离钢丝绳企业氯化亚铁废水中的重金属元素锌与铅,分析了废水体系中金属离子的存在形态,探讨了不同实验条件对处理效果的影响,得出最佳处理工艺条件为:以甲苯为稀释剂、YF1为络合剂对重金属元素锌进行萃取分离,络合剂浓度为0.5 mol/L,油水体积比(O/W)为0.4∶1,使用1 mol/L NaOH溶液作为反萃剂,锌离子将以四羟基合锌酸根离子的形式转移到反萃水相中;同时研究了萃取剂YF1萃取锌的机理,最终萃合物组成为(YF1)2.H2ZnCl4;选择YF2(0.5 mol/L)作为沉淀剂去除废水中的重金属元素铅,沉淀剂与废水的最佳体积比为0.04∶1.处理后的高浓度氯化亚铁溶液中锌与铅的浓度均达到10×10-6以下,符合相关企业的质量指标,从而实现了酸性氯化亚铁废水的治理与资源化.

Complex extraction and precipitation methods were applied to remove heavy metal elements zinc and lead from ferrous chloride wastewater of wire rope industries. The main forms of metal ions in the wasteffater system were analyzed. Certain factors that affected the treating efficiency were also discussed. The optimized conditions were obtained when the concentration of extractant YFI was 0. 5 mol/L, oil-water ratio was 0. 4： 1, Zn^2 ＋ would transferred into back-extraction water in the form of Zn（ OH）4^2- when NaOH liquor （1 mol/L） was selected as back-extraction agent. The mechanism of extracting zinc by YF1 was also studied and the extracted complex was consist of （YF1）2 · H2ZnCl4^- The best volumes ratio of lead precipitation YF2 （0. 5 mol/L） and the wastewater was 0.04： 1. The concentrations of heavy metal zinc and lead in the ferrous chloride solution were both reduced to below 10 × 10^-6.