阅读中文简体字与繁体字人眼短暂性近视量及其回退时间的差异

The effect of simplified and traditional Chinese character on near work-induced transient myopia in myopes and emmtropes

目的研究正视人群与近视人群阅读中文简体字与繁体字时产生的短暂性近视的量，以及其回退时间的差异。方法实验研究。随机选择18—28岁的近视者18人，等效球镜度为（-3．74±1．22）D；正视者18人，等效球镜度为（-0．14±0．22）D。应用Grand-Seiko WAM-5500分别测量阅读两种大小（12pt；8pt）中文简体字与繁体字4组视标短暂性近视的量及其回退时间，要求阅读距离40cm（调节需2．5D），每组视标阅读时间为5min。结果阅读繁体字，近视组的短暂性近视量为（0．61±0．34）D，大于正视组短暂性近视量（0．42±0．25）D（t=2．556，P〈0．05）；近视组阅读繁体字短暂性近视的量为（0．61±0．34）D大于简体字短暂性近视的量（0．53±0．33）D（t=2．298，P〈0．05），正视组阅读两种不同字体差异无统计学意义（t=0．789，P〉0．05）。阅读引起近视组短暂性近视回退时间为（15．88±19．53）s，大于正视组的短暂性近视回退时间（9．04±12．62）S，差异有统计学意义（t=2．555，P〈0．05）；但阅读各组视标间近视组和正视组短暂性近视回退时间差异无统计学意义。结论从短暂性近视方面研究。阅读中文繁体字与简体字引起的短暂性近视的量存在差异．近视组更容易受到阅读不同字体的影响，这种不同的阅读字体引起不同的短暂性近视量可能是近视发生率地域性差异形成的一种环境因素。

Objective To investigate the effect of simplified and traditional Chinese characters on near work-induced transient myopia （NITM） and its subsequent decay in myopes and emmetropes. Methods In an experimental study, young adult subjects （18-28 years） were classified into two groups based on their refractive errors： emmetropes （n=18） and myopes （n=18）. Two sizes （12 pt, 8 pt） and two types （simplified and traditional Chinese characters） were used to provide four different reading targets on the computer screen. Targets were presented in random order at 40 cm （2.5 demand） and the text was read for comprehension for 5 rain. For each target, NITM and its decay were measured using the free space Grand-Seiko WAM-5500 autorefractor. Results When data for all subjects were pooled, there was a significant effect on NITM from the type of character. For myopic subjects, NITM was larger for traditional Chinese characters （traditional Chinese characters： 0.61±0.34 D vs simplified Chinese characters： 0.53±0.33 D, t=2.298, P〈O.05）. However, there was no effect for emmetropie subjects （t=0.789, P〉0.05）. There was a significant difference between emmetropie and myopic subjects in the magnitude of NITM for traditional Chinese characters; myopes had a larger NITM than emmetropes （NITM myopes： 0.61±0.34 D vs emmetropes： 0.42±0.25 D, t=2.556, P〈O.05）. There were differences in the decay time of NITM between the two refractive groups for all targets （decay time for myopes： 15.88±19.53 seconds vs emmetropes： 9.04±12.62 seconds, t=2.555, P〈0.05）. Conclusion The resuhs of the present study show that traditional Chinese characters had a more significant effect on myopic subjects than simplified Chinese characters; myopes were more susceptible than emmetropes to traditional Chinese characters. We suggest traditional Chinese characters are an environmental factor that affects the incidence of myopia in different areas.