上海社区老年人群高血压患病情况及其相关危险因素流行病学基线调查

Epidemiologic investigation of the status of hypertension and its risk factors among elderly in Shanghai community

目的探讨上海市社区老年居民高血压病的患病情况及主要危险因素。方法采用多级随机抽样方式，对上海市长宁区4个社区65岁及以上常住居民进行横断面调查。结果上海市社区老年居民高血压病的患病率为61．0％，男女患病率差异无统计学意义（男vs女：60．5％ vs 61．5％，P〉0．05）。高血压患病率随年龄增长呈上升趋势（χ2=88．14，P=0．000）。调查对象中，高血压自我知晓率为86．5％，控制率为56．4％。控制性别和年龄效应后，Logistic回归提示体质指数、食盐摄人量、高血压家族史、糖尿病、高脂血症、肿瘤、器质性心脏病、脑卒中与高血压患病存在相关性（P〈0．05）。结论上海市社区老年居民高血压患病率、知晓率、控制率较高，年龄、体质指数、食盐摄人量、高血压家族史是高血压的危险因素，糖尿病、高脂血症、肿瘤、器质性心脏病、脑卒中均与高血压伴发。

Objective To investigate status of hypertension and its risk factors among elderly in Shanghai community. Methods Multistage cluster sampling was used as cross-section investigation among adults 65years old and above in 4 com- munities of Changing District. Results The prevalence of hypertension in elderly citizens of Shanghai was 61.0 % and with no sex difference （male vs female： 60.5% vs 61.5%, P〉0.05 ）. There was an increase trend of the prevalence of Hy- pertension along with the age （χ2 = 88.14, P=0.000 ）. The rate of awareness and control of hypertension were 86.5 % and 56.4%, respectively. The result of logistic regression showed BMI, salt intake, family history of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, tumor, organic heart disease, stroke were related with hypertension （P〈0.05, OR〉 1 ）. Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension, the rate of awareness and control of hypertension in elderly citizens of Shanghai are high. Age, BMI, salt intake and family history of hypertension are the risk factors of hypotension. Diabetes, hyperlipidemia, tumor, organic heart disease and stroke were associated with hypertension.