论时代潮流中的“戏曲程式”

On "Formula of Chinese Traditional Opera" in the Time Tide

中国的戏曲艺术博大精深、源远流长。如果说叙事抒情是戏曲艺术的表现目的,程式化的唱念做打,生旦净丑就是她的过程了。不管时代怎样发展,艺术表达形式如何变迁,程式都是构成戏曲的灵魂所在,没有程式就不成其为戏曲。本文将从戏剧艺术对生活之美的"夸张性放大"及其对"中国之美"的依托两个方面,探讨戏曲程式存在的必要性,并且分析在当前的艺术条件之下,戏曲艺术程式所面临的挑战及其原因。以期中国的传统艺术瑰宝———戏曲,能够更广泛的吸取时代的气息,在不改变立场的前提下,更广泛的深入大众、展现魅力,并且得以传承。

Chinese traditional opera has a long history and rich content. As narration and emotion expression is the representation purpose of opera, the formularized singing, gesticulating, elocution and acrobatics, and Sheng, Dan, Jing and Chou （four roles） are its process. However the time goes or the representation form changes, formula is always the compositional soul of Chinese traditional opera. Without it, Chinese traditional opera shall not be itself any more. From the aspects of ＂exaggeration＂ of beauty in life and taking ＂Chinese beauty＂ as the basis, the paper shall discuss the necessity of existence of opera formula and analyze the challenge faced by opera formula and its cause under present art condition. The author hopes that Chinese traditional opera can absorb widely the breath of time and be loved by more audiences and have good inheritance without shifting its ground.