儒家政治设计思想的现实基础和理论根源判断

Appraisement on the Practical Basis and Theoretical Reason of Confucianism's Political Design Thought

儒家政治设计思想的解体,除了由现实的历史原因决定外,还与儒家政治设计思想本身的理论缺陷分不开,这首先可以通过对政治秩序赖以建构的现实基础和理论根源进行判断和考量的形式来获得。从现实基础判断看,以小农经济为特征的封建经济基础易于弱化人们的政治性格,腐化封建君主专政的政治权力,阻碍新生产力的发展。从理论根源看,天命、天理、(天)道决定论易于导致命定论和历史宿命论的英雄史观,强化神权、君权;性善论易于导致制度安排的缺失、法律的伦常化和宗教的弱化,造成"人治主义";阴阳论易于导致极权主义和秩序僵化,强化父权、夫权、族权和君权。

In addition to historical condition, the reason of Confucianism＇s Corruption was first closely related to the design defect on two aspects ： （ 1 ） on practical basis ： the development basis with agriculture economy strengthened feudal despotism, hindered new productive forces and discouraged people＇s political personality. （2） on theoretical reason： fatality, heavenly ways led to fatalism and heroism which strengthened religious authority and monarchical power; kind humanity led to man rule and religious weakening; Yin- Yang led to autocracy and order rigid.