维特根斯坦的“家族相似说”

Analysis of Wittgenstein's "Family Resemblance" Theory

"家族相似说"是维特根斯坦后期提出的一种影响深远的比喻性说法,被后人视为维特根斯坦反本质主义的纲领之一。"家族相似说"认为不存在语言的本质,各种语言游戏之间的"家族相似"是一种错综复杂、重叠交错的"相似性"关联,应通过"不要想,而要看"的方式研究语言的个别性、多样性。维特根斯坦的"家族相似说"对西方哲学的发展产生了重要而深远的影响。

The theory of the ＂family resemblance＂ is a far-reaching analogy argument proposed in the late Wittgenstein,which is often regarded as Wittgenstein′s one of program of anti-essentialism.Although there are many controversies on the metaphorical statement towards the thought of family resemblance in the philosophical circle,most scholars have recognized that it has important theoretical significance in the history of Western philosophy.Finally,the method of analyzing the theory of family resemblance′s conntation and consequence not only is helpful for us to understand Wittgenstein＇s attempt to expose and criticize the traditional philosophy,but encourage the modern philosophy ′s development as well.