山西省不同学科类型院校大学生食品安全知识态度行为的调查

Survey on knowledge,attitude and practice about food safety among college students in Shanxi province

目的通过对山西省本科院校高校大学生食品安全知识、态度和行为(KAP)的状况的调查,为在校大学生进行食品安全教育提供依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方法抽取山西大学、山西医科大学、山西农业大学、山西财经大学、太原理工大学及中北大学共1 479名在校生,以匿名自填问卷形式进行食品安全KAP问卷调查,其中食品安全知识11题、食品安全态度15题和食品安全行为12题。采用χ2和t检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果大学生总体食品安全知识平均为(7.94±2.59)分,医科院校的学生食品安全知识平均(8.38±2.66)分,较非医学生(7.75±2.55)分高,且差异有统计学意义(t=4.161,P<0.05)。接受食品安全相关课程的学生平均得分比未接受者平均得分高,且差异有统计学意义[(9.35±2.82)vs(7.65±2.45),t=8.477,P<0.05]。大学生最希望获得食品安全知识比较,不同性别、年级、学校间比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=33.68、30.27、42.39,P均<0.05);对食品安全关注度比较,不同性别、年级、学校间比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=21.26、37.03、58.69,P均<0.05);《食品安全法》的相关规定对大学生购物帮助的比较,不同性别、年级、学校间比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=11.78、91.25、53.64,P均<0.05);具有较好的饮食卫生习惯,如经常在食堂就餐的学生占71.53%,经常选择的就餐地点的比较,不同性别、年级间比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=70.72、40.66,P均<0.05);不同学校间学生对日常消费时对营业许可证/卫生许可证的关注度的比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=22.35,P<0.05);对食堂工作人员卫生关注度的比较,不同性别、年级、学校间比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=27.54、42.08、67.89,P均<0.05)。72.62%的学生在购买食品时关注生产日期、保质期和有效期。结论要加强对大学生的食品安全知识教育,通过多种宣传形式使大学生获得食品安全知识,同时政府应加大对食品安全问题的监管力度。

Objective To conduct a survey on knowledge,attitude and practice（KAP） about food safety among college students in Shanxi province in order to provide the scientific evidence for food safety education.Methods A questionnaire survey about the food safety KAP was conducted among 1479 college students from Shanxi University,Shanxi Medical University,Shanxi Agriculture University,Shanxi University of Finance and Economics,Taiyuan University of Technology and North Central University.There were 11 questions about food safety knowledge,15 about food safety attitude and 12 about food safety practice.ResultsThe overall average score for food safety knowledge was only 7.94±2.59,which was relatively higher among students from medical university（8.38 ± 2.66） compared to those from other universities（7.75±2.55）（P〈 0.05）.Students who took food safety related courses scored higher than those who did not（9.35±2.86 vs.7.66±2.45,P〈0.05）.88.6% students were more aware of food safety issues.There were statistically differences among students of different sex,grade and universities in terms of their food safety attitude and practice.76.4% students ate food in the canteen,and 72.6% of the students paied more attention on expiration date when they bought food.ConclusionsFood safety education among college students should be enhanced extensively.Meanwhile,government should intensify the food safety supervision.