北京市大兴区2002-2011年乙型肝炎流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B infection in Daxing district of Beijing in 2002-20011

目的了解2002-2011年间北京市大兴区人群乙型肝炎(简称乙肝)流行病学特征的变化趋势,为今后制定乙肝防控策略提供依据。方法 2002-2011年大兴区乙肝病例资料来自中国疾病预防控制信息系统中的疾病监测信息报告管理系统及大兴区疾病预防控制中心年鉴;病例诊断按照国家《法定传染病诊断标准》(GB-1995)进行实验室确诊诊断。对乙肝病例资料进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2002-2011年大兴区共报告乙肝病例2 339例,发病率波动在58.30/10万～9.60/10万之间,年均报告发病率28.47/10万,呈逐年下降趋势(P<0.05);乙肝报告病例数占病毒性肝炎总报告数的构成比2002-2007年有所上升,2008年后呈下降趋势;病例集中在20～50岁之间,占病例总数的74.86%,10～岁年龄组发病率下降最为明显,下降幅度为93.38%,10岁以下基本无病例报告。发病居前3位的职业是农民、家务及待业、民工,三种职业发病数之和占病例总数的47.97%;发病无季节性特点;流动人口较多的地区发病率相对较高(χ2=437.55,P<0.01)。结论大兴区近10年乙肝流行病学特征较之前有了较大变化,为进一步降低乙肝发病率,在做好新生儿乙肝疫苗接种的同时,应加强对成年人及流动人口的乙肝防控工作。

Objective To better understand the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of HBV infection among residents in Daxing district of Beijing from the year of 2002 to 2011.Methods A descriptive epidemiological analysis was used to analyze the data of hepatitis B cases.Results A total of 2 339 cases of hepatitis B were reported in 10 years with the annual incidence rates ranging from 58.30 to 9.60（average of 28.47） per 100,000 population,which showed a downward trend.There was no obvious change in terms of number of hepatitis B cases versus total hepatitis ones.The majority of patients were between 20 to 50 years old,with fewer under 20 and almost none under 10.Farmers were more vulnerable to HBV infection followed by housekeepers and unemployed or migrant workers.There was no seasonal peak of patients.Conclusions A big change has been noticed regarding the epidemiological features of HBV infection in Daxing ever since the application of HBV vaccine.In order to further reduce the incidence of HBV infection,adults and migrating population should not be ignored.