套播小麦高产栽培主要农艺措施优化方案研究

Study on Optimized Scheme of Main Agro-technical Measures of High Yielding Cultivation of Interplant Wheat in Rice Paddy

为了解决小麦早播与晚稻成熟期偏迟的矛盾 ,1998～ 1999年度选择了基本苗、氮肥用量与共生期 3个对套播小麦生育影响较大的农艺因子 ,采用 3 11A近似饱和最优设计进行试验 ,结果表明 ,氮肥量与共生期对套播小麦产量影响极大 ,是生产中应重点控制的因子 ;产量 5 2 5 0kg/hm2 的最佳措施为基本苗 183～ 2 3 7万株 /hm2 、纯氮 2 44.5～ 2 62 .5kg/hm2 、共生期 8.5～ 10 .5d ;上述结果反映了旱冬年特点 ,与上年度 (烂冬年 )比较 ,基本苗较接近 ,适宜氮肥用量偏高 10 %左右 ,共生期偏长约 3～ 4d。

The experiment was carried out to solve the contradiction between the early seeding of wheat and the maturing stage of late-season rice by 311A approximately saturated optimum design, with three agro-technical measures: number of seeding (Nos), nitrogen fertilizer amount (NT-A) and symbiotic duration (SD). The methods affected obviously wheat growth and development in rice paddy. The results were as follow: ① NFA and SD had grand influence on yield of the interplant wheat, and were the most important factors controlled attentively in production. ②The optimal measures ensuring yield ≥5 250kg/hm 2 were the Nos:1830～2370thousand seed/hm 2, the NFA:244.5～262.5kg/hm 2 and the SD:8.5-10.5 days. The preceding results featured the dry-winter years, and compared to the last year (wet-winter year ) the Nos was approximate; the NT-A was higher by 10%; the SD was longer by 3-4 days. In a word, in normal climate circumstance,the Nos was 1800～2250 thousand seed/hm 2;the NFA,about 225kg/hm 2 and the SD,5-7 days in mid-fertile paddy in northern Zhejiang.