硬粒小麦-偏凸山羊草六倍体的核型分析

The Karyotype Analysis to the Hexploid of Ae.ventricosa-T.durum

硬粒小麦 -偏凸山羊草六倍体类型 (简称硬偏麦六倍体类型 )来源于硬粒小麦 ( T.durum Dest,2 n=4 x=2 8,AABB)与偏凸山羊草 ( Ae.ventricosa,2 n=4 x=2 8,DDMv Mv)杂交并自然加倍的八倍体类型 ,其染色体组成还不清楚。为了研究硬偏麦六倍体的染色体组成 ,用中国春 ( AABBDD)与之杂交 ,对杂种 F1 花粉母细胞进行减数分裂染色体配对分析 ,观察到大多数花粉母细胞有 1 4对二价体和 1 4个单价体。进一步观察偏凸山羊草、中国春、硬偏麦六倍体类型以及杂种 F1 的体细胞核型 ,发现在硬偏麦六倍体类型和杂种 F1 中含有与偏凸山羊草 Mv染色体组相似臂比和相似着丝粒位置的染色体。进而初步判断 ,硬偏麦六倍体类型的染色体组成大致是 AABBMv Mv,而硬偏麦六倍体类型与中国春的杂种 F1 染色体组成是 AABBDMv。

The hexaploid of Ae.ventricosa T.durum. Dest was bred first from T.durum Dest(2n=4x=28, AABB)and Ae. ventricosa (2n=4x=28, DDM vM v) and then after the natural forming octoploid type. It was not clear what the chromosome groups were. For this purpose, we has crossed the hexaploid of Ae.ventricosa T.durum with Chinese Spring(AABBDD), and made the analysis of chromosome pairing at MI of hybrid F 1. It was observed that most of them had 14 pairs of bivalents and 14 univalents. Further observation and analysis of the karyotypes of Ae.ventricosa , Chinese Spring, the hexploid from Ae. ventricosa T.durum and hybrid F 1, we found that there were the chromosomes, which had the similar arm ratio and centromere locus with M v chromosomes groups from Ae. ventricosa. So we determined preliminarily that the chromosome forming of the hexaploid of Ae. ventricosa T.durum was about AABBM vM v,while its hybrid F 1 with Chinese Spring was AABBDM v.