麦胚乳贮藏蛋白组分遗传研究进展

Progress in Genetic Research of Wheat Endosperm end Storage Protein

从本世纪 50年代至今 ,小麦及其近缘属物种的胚乳贮藏蛋白组分的遗传及生化研究已经取得长足的进步 ,并已被国外许多实验室用于小麦品质改良的实践 ,取得了一定的成绩。全面了解麦胚乳贮藏蛋白各组分的遗传及生化研究必然有助于小麦品质改良的研究。本文就麦胚乳贮藏蛋白的主要组成部分 ,即麦高分子量谷蛋白、麦醇溶蛋白、麦低分子量谷蛋白等 ,从小麦及其近缘属物种中各组分亚基编码基因的染色体定位及多态性变化、各组分亚基编码基因间的连锁关系。

Great progress has been made in the field of genetics and biochemistry of endosperm end storage protein of wheat and its relatives since 1950s, which was guide the application of wheat quality improvement and made achievement in some lab oversea. It is helpful for the study of wheat quality improvement to have a detailed understanding of this progress. Here we reviewed the research progress in genetics, for further recognizing the aspect of chromosomal location and the polymorphism of the coding genes, the linkage relationship between them, and the subuints combination variaion in different cultivars of the main fraction of endosperm end storage protein as HMW Glutenin, Gliadin and LMW Glutenin. Solidity proof for us to understanding the effect of endosperm end storage protein on the gluten quality were supplied, which may also facilitate the research in the improvement of gluten quality and breeding.