老年癌症患者感知需求、心理压力及生活质量的调查研究

Investigation on Perceived Needs,Psychological Distress and Quality of Life of Elderly Cancer Patients

目的晚期癌症患者感知需求的相关研究鲜有报道,本研究调查老年癌症患者的感知需求、心理压力及其生活质量。方法随机选择门诊癌症患者为研究对象,要求患者完成简明支持性护理需求问卷(涵盖如下五个方面:健康系统和信息、心理、生理、保健与支持、性需求);综合医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)以及欧洲癌症研究与治疗组织(E-ORTC)的生活质量(QLQ-C30)量表。结果得到619份癌症患者的完整数据,其中113例来自65岁以上的老人。除了在性需求方面老年组较年轻组少,其他方面的需求和心理压力老年组并不比年轻组低。生活质量方面:比较两组在症状相关的生活质量上差异无统计学意义,显著性差异主要存在于几个功能领域,包括身体机能、情感、社会交往以及经济状况等。结论老年患者与年轻患者在感知需求和心理压力方面几乎没有差异。生活质量方面的差异可能是由于老龄化本身的影响造成的,因此尽管考虑到老龄化对每一生命维度质量的不同影响,医务人员还是应该提供给老年癌症患者与年轻癌症患者同等的优质临床服务。

Objective To investigate the perceived needs, psychological distress, and quality of life of elderly cancer pa- tients. Methods Totally, 619 outpatients with cancer who visited the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University were randomly selected as the research objects. They were asked to complete the Supportive Care Needs Survey- short form （SC- NS- SF34） questionnaire, which covered five domains of needs, including health system and information needs, psychological needs, physiological needs, care and support needs, and sexual needs. Besides, they were investigated with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale （HAl）S） and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer（EORTC） Quality of Life Questionaire - Core 30 （QLQ- C30）. Results Complete data were available for 619 cancer patients, including 113 over 65 years old. The needs and the psychological distress perceived by the elderly patients were comparable with those perceived by rela- tively younger patients, except that the elderly patients perceived fewer sexual needs. Regarding the quality of life, most symp- tom- related quality of life parameters were not significantly different between the two groups, while significant differences were observed with regard to several functional domains, including physical function, emotion and social communication domains in ad- dition to financial difficulties. Conclusions Few differences in perceived needs and psychological distress are observed between the elderly cancer patients and the younger ones. The differences noted in the quality of life domains are probably due to the influ- ence of aging itself. Medical staff should provide elderly cancer patients with clinical care as good as that offered to younger patients despite the different impacts of aging on each dimension of the quality of life.