广州市白云区两镇居民慢性病患病情况及影响因素比较

Comparison of Prevalence of Chronic Diseases and the Influencing Factors Among the Residents of Two Towns in Baiyun District,Guangzhou

目的比较广州市白云区两镇15岁及以上居民慢性病的患病情况并探讨其相关影响因素。方法采用整群随机抽样方法对广州市白云区江高镇和人和镇的9 646位15岁及以上居民进行慢性病患病情况现况调查。结果慢性病的总患病率为18.0%(1 700/9 431),男、女慢性病总患病率依次为17.0%、19.0%,男女患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其中江高镇慢性病的患病率为19.2%,人和镇慢性病的患病率为17.6%,两镇慢性病患病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。前五位慢性病分别为高血压(8.16%)、糖尿病(2.65%)、血脂异常(1.89%)、胃肠疾病(1.77%)、慢性阻塞性肺病(1.46%)。除慢性阻塞性肺病外,其余4种慢病两镇患病率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同年龄组之间、不同文化程度间慢性病患病率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001),慢性病患病率随着年龄的增长而呈现出上升趋势,随着文化程度的增高而呈现出下降趋势。江高镇居民饮酒率(10.8%)、高脂饮食率(44.8%)比人和镇居民(22.7%、52.6%)低,而吸烟率(17.6%)、高盐饮食率(45.2%)比人和镇居民(14.4%、33.5%)高,该4种生活方式在两镇之间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论慢性病已成为影响白云区居民尤其老年人健康的重要因素,两镇相关部门应针对性地开展及加强以高血压为重点防控慢病、以老年人为重点干预对象的慢性病防治工作。

Objective To compare the prevalence of chronic diseases and the influencing factors in the residents aged 15 years and above of two towns in Baiyun District,Guangzhou. Methods With cluster random sampling method,questionnaire surveys about chronic diseases were conducted among 9,646 residents aged 15 years and above in Jianggao Town and Renhe Town. Results The total prevalence rate of chronic diseases was 18.0%（1,700/9,431）. The prevalence rates of male and female were 17.0% and 19.0%,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant（P0.05）.The prevalence rates of chronic diseases in Jianggao Town and Renhe Town were 19.2% and 17.6%,respectively,and no statistically significant difference was found between the two towns（P0.05）.The top five chronic diseases were hypertension（8.16%）,diabetes（2.65%）,dyslipidemia（1.89%）,gastrointestinal diseases（1.77%） and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（1.46%）.There were statistically significant differences in the prevalence rates of hypertension,diabetes,dyslipidemia,and gastrointestinal diseases between the two towns（P0.05）.There were statistically significant differences in the prevalence rates of chronic diseases among different age-groups and different educational backgrounds（P0.001）.The prevalence rates of chronic diseases showed a rising trend with the increase of age,while the rates showed a declining trend with the increasing educational levels.There were statistically significant differences in drinking,smoking,heavy salt diet,high-fat diet between the two towns（all P0.001）. Conclusions Chronic diseases are the important factors affecting the health of the residents in Baiyun District,especially in senior citizens.It is necessary to integrate intervention measures for controlling and preventing chronic diseases,and more attention should be paid to older people and hypertension.