萨特的《存在主义是一种人道主义》论析

Existentialism Is a Philosophy of Going into Society——The Review of Sartre' Existentialism Is a Kind of Humanitarianism

"存在"就是人的存在;"本质"就是人的社会概念。存在主义认为"存在先于本质",也就是说人要成为人,成为一个全面完整的人,首先要从认识自我开始,认识社会,积极入世,担当责任,成为本质意义上的人。存在主义立意为人在一个恶劣的社会处境中指出为人之道和入世之道,教导人如何存在,如何为人。存在主义鼓励人乐观向上,自在自为,从存在出发,找到自己,积极入世,实现自我的价值,成为真正的人;从我做起,承担责任,超越自我,以人道主义精神为宗旨,创造社会,开创人类和谐的社会生活。

Existence refers to the human existence, and Essence refers to the human social conception. Existentialism believes Existence Precedes Essence. That is to say, if a man wants to be a man, to be an entire whole man, he must start with knowing himself, knows the society, goes into the society, takes on commitment, and becomes in essence a man. Existentialism aims to indicate for man in a hostile or indifferent universe the philosophy of being man and philosophy of going into a society, and instructs people how to exist and how to be man. Existentialism encourages people to go advance optimistically, to depend on himself and to start with existence, to find himself and to enter actively the society, to realize his value and to become a real man. Existentialism also rouses people to start with himself, to take on commitment, to exceed himself, and taking up the humanitarianism as his tenet, to create the society and initiate a harmonious social life.