中国电缆工业铜导体加工的发展、问题和新趋势

The Development,Problems and the New Trend of Copper Conductor Processing in China Cable Industry

中国铜导体产能迅猛无序扩张,目前的过剩水平已达需要量的2.7倍。近5年引进高产能连铸连轧生产线9条,共计产能224万吨/年,且尚在继续引进,高端铜线仅需约100万吨,又造成高质铜杆过剩。废杂铜直接再生铜杆的质量问题,引发全国性的电缆质量严重下降。约150条国产连铸连轧生产线几乎都用于再生铜杆生产,但工艺、设备落后亟待技术升级换代。优质再生铜杆可"名正言顺"地进入电缆市场。促进再生铜质量提高和扩大应用,建立我国的质量评估体系,均极为重要。在电缆工业中建立高强高导、细和超细铜合金导体的研发和生产体系势在必行。新一代上引法无氧铜生产线将向单机大产能、节能化方向发展。

In China,the installed capacity for copper conductor is quickly and irrationally expanding,and reach 2.7 times of the amount of needs now 9 high productivity continuous casting and rolling lines imported in nearly five years have total installed capacity of 2.24 million tons/year（but still continuously import）,and their capacity result in surplus of high quality copper rod which only needs about 1 million tons/year.Because of quality problem on made copper rods directly from scrap copper,it seriously leads to decrease of nationwide cable quality.There are about 150 domestic continuous casting and rolling lines to be almost used for producing copper rod directly from scrap copper,and which technology and equipment are backward,thus must upgrade and update.The high quality rod made directly from scrap copper can easily enter into huge cable market.It is very important to promote the quality enhancement and increase application for the rod made directly from scrap copper and build quality evaluation system.In addition,it needs to build research and production system for micro,superfine,high-strength and high-conductivity copper alloy in cable industry as soon as possible.The new upcasting process line for oxygen-free copper will develop in the direction of much capacity and less energy consumption.