甲醇汽油对汽车橡胶元件溶胀作用的力学分析

A Mechanics Analysis on the Effects of Methanol Gasoline on the Dissolving Swelling of Rubber Parts

为研究甲醇汽油对汽车橡胶零部件的腐蚀和力学性能的影响,通过对几种现有车辆正在使用的橡胶元件进行甲醇汽油浸泡试验,观察橡胶元件形变随作用力的变化关系,并深入分析橡胶元件经过浸泡后变化的原因。结果表明,浸泡橡胶管的溶液析出的黑色沉淀物包含有增强剂碳黑。由丁腈橡胶(NBR)+氯丁橡胶(CR)材料组成的橡胶管,和由三元氟橡胶(FKM)+编织层+氯醇橡胶(ECO)组成的橡胶管,受甲醇汽油中甲醇浓度影响较大,力学性能显著下降;多层PA12受掺入甲醇的影响较大,但对其掺入甲醇比例变化不敏感;甲醇汽油对气门油封无明显影响。

For studying the effect of methanol gasoline on the corrosion and mechanical properties of rubber parts in vehicles, an immersion test of several currently used rubber parts in methanol gasoline is conducted to ob-serve the variation relationship between the deformation and acting force of rubber parts and to analyze the cause of change of rubber parts after immersion. The results show that the black precipitate of solution, in which rubber parts are immersed, contains carbon blaek; the rubber tube made of NBR ＋ CR or FKM ＋ braided layer ＋ ECO are rather significantly subjected to the effects of methanol concentration of methanol gasoline, leading to marked deterioration in mechanical performance; multi-layered PAl2 is also greatly subjected to the effects of methanol but is not sensi-tive to the proportion of methanol added; while methanol has no apparent effects on the oil seals for intake and ex-haust valves.