吡咯烷酮酸性离子液体高效催化纤维素水解制葡萄糖

Effectively Catalytic Hydrolysis of Cellulose to Glucose in the Presence of Pyrrolidonium-Based Acidic Ionic Liquids

合成并表征了一系列咪唑类和吡咯烷酮类酸性离子液体,并以这些离子液体作催化剂,采用1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氯化盐([Bmim]Cl)为溶剂,开展了纤维素催化水解制葡萄糖的研究。先以纤维二糖为模型化合物,考察了纤维二糖-葡萄糖体系的稳定性,后续又分别考察了加水量、加水时间、催化剂种类及用量、反应温度和时间等因素对纤维素水解制葡萄糖反应的影响。结果表明,与咪唑类酸性离子液体相比较,吡咯烷酮类酸性离子液体是更优良的促进纤维素水解的催化剂。采用1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮甲基磺酸盐([Hnmp]CH3SO3)酸性离子液体为催化剂时,在110℃下,当催化剂、纤维素中包含的葡萄糖单元、水三者的摩尔比为1∶3∶210,加水方式为40min内每隔10min加1次,分5次加完时,反应2h,葡萄糖的收率为68%。

A series of acidic ionic liquids （methylimidazolium-based acidic ionic liquids and pyrrolidonium-based acidic ionic liquids） were synthesized and characterized. The cellulose hydrolysis into glucose, in which ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium （[Bmim]Cl） was used as the solvent, in the presence of the synthesized acidic ionic liquids was studied systematically. The influences of water content, procedure of adding water, kinds of catalyst, catalyst dosage, reaction temperature and reaction time on the conversion of cellulose and yield of glucode were investigated. It was shown that pyrrolidonium-based acidic ionic liquids were better in catalyzing the hydrolysis of cellulose into glucose than methylimidazolium-based acidic ionic liquids. Under the optimized reaction conditions, which were the reaction temperature of 110℃, n（Catalyst） ~ n（Glucose unit in cellulose）, n（H2O）=1 ： 3 ： 210, [Hnmp]CH3SO3 as catalyst, with the water addition of once per 10 rain in 40 min, and the reaction time of 2 h, the glucose yield of cellulose hydrolysis was 68%.