不同生长期生姜精油含量及成分分析

Analysis of Ginger Essential Oil Content and Composition at Different Growth Stages

以"莱芜大姜"为试材,研究了不同生长期鲜姜和种姜精油含量的变化,并采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对精油成分进行了分析。结果表明:随生长的进行,鲜姜和种姜精油的含量逐渐增加,化学成分增多,生姜生长结束(10月21日)时,鲜姜、种姜的精油含量分别比幼苗末期(7月22日)增加175.61%和77.34%,化学成分分别由32、38种增加至54和53种。不同生长期鲜姜和种姜精油成分基本相同,但相对含量差异较大,其中主要化学成分为α-姜黄烯、姜烯、α-法尼烯、β-倍半水芹烯、β-红没药醇等倍半萜类化合物,且尤以姜烯在不同生长期鲜姜和种姜精油中含量最高。

The essential oil content of fresh and seed ginger rhizome at different growth stages was stud- ied with the cultivar Laiwu Big Ginger, and the oil composition was analyzed by GC - MS in this paper. The results showed that the content and composition of essential oil in fresh and seed rhizome increased along with the growth of ginger. The content of fresh rhizome and seed rhizome essential oil at the end of growth period （ October 21 ） increased by 175.61% and 77.34% compared with that at the end of seedling stage （July 22） respectively, and the chemical composition increased from 32 and 38 kinds to 54 and 53 kinds respectively. The chemical components of ginger essential oil were basically same in fresh and seed rhizome, but their relative content was significantly different at different growth stages, in which, α-curcumene, zingiberene, α - farnesene, β- sesquiphellandrene, β -bisabolol and other sesquiterpene compounds were the main compo- nents. The zingiberene content of fresh and seed ginger rhizome was the highest in each growth period.