南水水库水华发生机理和防治对策研究

Research on Occurring Mechanism and Control Measures of Algal Bloom in Nanshui Reservoir

富营养化和水华爆发是饮用水水源地的安全隐患,不同湖泊和水库水华发生的时间、诱因不同。通过对广东省南水水库近几年水华发生期间的水文、水质、藻类、气象等特征进行分析,揭示了南水水库蓝藻发生的机理。由于高密度网箱养殖导致总氮浓度超标,在水库处于枯水季节,水体流动速度慢,温度虽然低但呈连续多日上升趋势、无雨且光照充足的条件下,容易发生蓝藻水华。针对水华发生的诱因,提出了控制和治理南水水库蓝藻爆发的具体对策措施。

Eutrophication and water bloom is the security risks of drinking water sources. The occurring time and incentives of algal bloom are different in different lakes and reservoirs. After analyzing the hydrological condition, water quality, algal composition and density, and meteoro- logical characteristics during the bloom period of the Nanshui Reservoir, the mechanisms of cyanobateria outbreak were revealed. The high concentrations of total nitrogen caused by cage culture with high-density led to the cyanobacteria bloom even in dry and low temperature sea- sons while the other conditions are adequate such as slow water flow, continuous rise of temperature, sufficient Illumination. According to the incentives of water bloom, specific countermeasures for the control and treatment of algae bloom were proposed.