微型河工模型试验技术与理论基础初探

Preliminary study on basic principle of micro scale physical selection modeling (MICRO MODELING)

据Robert.D.Davinroy在美刊《土木工程》1999年7月发表的《微型河工模型技术在密西西比河工程中的运用》一文介绍,美国陆军工程师团开发的一项新的微型河工模型试验技术已获得了专利。该技术采用大比尺大变率的物理模型模拟河流水流泥沙运动情况,已在密西西比河、密苏里河等航道整治、鱼类和野生生物的生存环境等项目研究中得到成功运用。该技术在试验周期方面,可与数学模型相媲美,而且,比数学模型更为直观;在试验精度方面,可与大型河工模型相比。由于文中对该试验关键技术及其理论基础未作详细介绍,笔者对其进行初步探索,以便能为我国目前正在进行的长江航道系统治理工程方案试验研究提供借鉴。

In July 1997, Robert Davinroy published his paper Application of Micro-scale River Engineering Model in Mississippi River in the journal of Civil Engineering, in which be introduced a new patented technique for Micro Scale Physical Modeling. A physical model with relatively big scale and large variability was adapted to simulate hydrodynamics and sediment transport in rivers. This technique has been applied to many research projectssuccessfully, such as channel regulation in Mississippi and Missouri, investigation of living environment of fish and wild animals. The experiment cycle is as short as numerical models and it＇s more intuitive. Besides it can alsoprovide good accuracy even compared with those large scate river engineering models. Because there are not many details given in his article, we will continue to investigate this technique based on his introduction in order to providereference for waterway regulation engineering projects of the Yangtze River.