双能CT的基本原理、应用和未来展望(英文)

A Review of Dual Energy CT: Principles, Applications, and Future Outlook

断层影像(CT)的图像对比度与扫描所用的X光源能谱分布有很大关系。传统CT使用具有能谱分布的一个光源进行成像,有时会出现信息模糊致使两种不同材料在CT图像上完全相同。双能CT使用两个不同分布的能谱对物体进行成像,能够消除单能谱情况下的信息模糊。虽然双能CT的基本概念由来已久,但最近商业系统的出现使双能CT迅速成为一个热点。我们首先概述了双能CT的基本物理原理和双能信号处理方法,包括促使双能CT进入现代医学成像的关键技术。其次,双能CT的应用已非常广泛,本文从其在临床应用角度进行了详细介绍使读者有所了解。最后,我们简要探讨了当前的两个技术发展领域:光子技术探测器和技术合成CT。

The contrast properties of computed tomography （CT） depend significantly on the X-ray energy spectrum used to measure the object. Conventional CT uses only a single energy spectrum and at times suffers from ambiguity so that two different materials can appear identical. Dual energy CT （DECT） uses two different energy spectra that can be used to remove this ambiguity. Although the basic concept of DECT is not new, its popularity has recently skyrocketed because of the availability of commercial implementations. We review the basic principles of DECT physics and estimation, as well as the technologies that have enabled DECT to enter modern clinical imaging. Applications of DECT abound, and we familiarize the reader with a selection of the most common clinical applications. Finally, we conclude by touching on two areas of current technical development： photon-counting detectors and synthetic CT.