上颌恒磨牙卡氏尖的调查研究

Observation of Carabelli's trait on permanent maxillary molars

目的:调查卡氏尖在汉族人恒牙列中的表达特点及规律。方法 :选择2758例汉族人进行口腔检查,记录卡氏尖在上颌恒磨牙的表达强度(分为5级)。应用SPSS13.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。卡方检验比较不同牙位、不同性别、左右侧卡氏尖的发生率。双侧相关性采用Kendall检验。结果:卡氏尖的人群发生率在上颌第一磨牙为36.18%(男性为40.73%,女性为32.13%),在上颌第二磨牙为1.39%(男性1.82%,女性0.99%);在第上颌一磨牙,其发生率存在性别差异(P<0.01)。双侧共同发生率在第一磨牙为72.97%,第二磨牙为48.57%。双侧相关系数tau在第一磨牙(0.77)高于第二磨牙(0.65),而同侧第一、二磨牙相关性较小(tau=0.13,P<0.01)。结论:用标准化分级方法对汉族人卡氏尖的表达强度进行评估,具有重要的人类学价值。

PURPOSE： To investigate the prevalence of the Carabelli＇s trait in a Chinese population.METHODS： Direct intraoral examination was conducted on 2758 Han Chinese people.The expression of Carabelli＇s trait was divided into 5 grades.Software SPSS 13.0 software package was used for statistical analysis.The trait frequency differences between two genders,between right and left sides were evaluated using Chi-square tests.Correlations in the presence of the trait between bilateral antimeric teeth and between first and second molars at the same side were determined by Kendall test. RESULTS： The trait frequency was 36.18%（40.73% of the males and 32.13% of females） for the first and 1.39%（1.82% in males and 0.99% in females） for the second molars by individual counting method.Sex difference was statistically significant for the first molars（P0.01）.The bilateral concurrence rate was 72.97% and 48.57% for the first and second molar,and the bilateral correlation coefficient tau was 0.77 and 0.65,respectively.The correlation between the first and second molar in the same teeth district was weak（tau =0.13,P 0.01）.CONCLUSIONS： Evaluating the prevalence of Carabelli＇s trait in Chinese populations by using a standardized method has great anthropological significance.