建筑文物中石灰质修复材料的研制

Research on lime reparative material in architectural heritages

为实现对建筑文物的"原真性"修复,利用X射线衍射仪和激光粒度分布仪测定了历史建筑物中原胶凝材料矿物的组成和结构,并采用湿化学方法对原勾缝剂进行物料组成的复原,证明历史勾缝剂材料主要为石灰基材料。在复原的原胶凝剂材料配方的基础上分别加入活性火山灰、木质纤维素、分散性胶粉、早强剂和减水剂等对勾缝剂进行性能改进。经反复试验优选出了修复用勾缝剂材料的配方,并测试了试样的各项物理性能。结果表明,修复材料抗压强度达14.47 MPa,饱和吸水率为27.07%,体积变化率<1%,冻融循环4次不变,证明改性后勾缝剂材料可以满足修复胶凝材料的性能要求。

In order to repair the architectural heritages,the authors tested the mineral component and structure of primary gelatinous material by XRD and laser particle size distribution instrument,and recovered the materials of primary crack-sealer by wet chemical method.The test showed that the main composition of primary crack-sealer was lime.By adding the active volcanic ash,lignocellulose,dispersion gelatinous powder,early strength agent and water reducing agent in recovered formula of primary gelatinous material,the performance of crack-sealer was improved.The reparative formula of crack-sealer material had been optimized by many experiments,and its performance had been tested.The result demonstrated the compressive strength as 14.47 MPa,water absorption as 27.07%,variation velocity of volume as less than 1%,and the freezing and thawing strength being well after 4 times,which reached the standard of reparative gelatinous material.