春甜橘及其芽变品种明柳甜橘特性的比较研究

Differences of Biological Characters Between Mingliutianju(Citrus reticuiata Blanco cv.Mingliutianju)and Chuntianju(Citrus reticuiata Blanco cv.Chuntianju)

‘明柳甜橘’是从‘春甜橘’中选育出来的柑橘品种,果实品质优良,在粤东地区成熟期为2月下旬至3月中旬。本研究经过多年田间观察和分析,比较系统地分析了明柳甜橘与春甜橘形态特征,表明两者物候期、生长和结果习性相似,但明柳甜橘树势生长相对旺盛,坐果率高,平均单果重约比春甜橘大37.0%,而且果皮较厚,果面有明显柳纹,采前裂果少。果实品质方面,两者可溶解性固形物、总糖、Vc和果肉中膳食纤维含量差异不显著,但明柳甜橘的总酸含量、果肉及果皮中粗纤维含量显著高于春甜橘。

Mingliutianju（Citrus reticuiata Blanco cv. Mingliutianju, MT）, a new cuhivar selected from Chuntianju （Citrus reticuiata Blanco cv.Chuntianju, CT）through bud mutation, has been extensively cultivated in South China. Their fruits have excellent quality, and can be harvested during the last ten days of February and the middle ten days of March. In present paper, we systematically compared differences of morphological characters between CT and MT through years of efforts on both field experiments and laboratory analysis. Our results showed that CT and MT were similar to each other in phonological period and habits of bearing fruits and growth. Compared with CT, MT showed more attractive agricultural characteristics. These include more vigorous growth, higher and more stable yield, an increase of 37% in average fruit weight, more obvious stria and thicker fruit peels, and most importantly, much less preharvest cracking rates. MT and CT showed no significant difference in fruit texture, soluble solids content, total sugar and vitamin C, and dietary fiber in pulp. Total acid content, crude fiber in pulp and peels were significantly higher in MT than those in CT.