莫桑比克60个腰果品系果梨抗白粉病调查初报

Cashew Apple Damage of 60 Cashew Clones Caused by Powdery Mildew Disease in Mozambique

在莫桑比克楠普拉省调查了白粉病对60个腰果品系果梨的为害情况。结果显示,在相同的栽培条件下,不同腰果品系的果梨受白粉病为害程度差异很大。品系AZA17/79受白粉病的为害程度最低,为害率和为害指数分别仅为3.7%和0.91%,其次为H1、M96-2.3VM、AC34、4.2VM和Local 3,为害率在9.4%～20.4%,为害指数在4.87%～10.28%。其余品系的果梨为害率和为害指数相对较高。根据本文的腰果品系对白粉病抗性的评价标准(果梨),对60个腰果品系的果梨抗白粉病进行了评价,结果表明:高抗品系有5个,分别为AZA17/79、H1、M96-2.3VM、AC34和4.2VM;抗性品系5个,分别为Local 3、B4、2.4PA、1.20VM和11.9PA;中抗品系3个,分别为CCM9-61、AC10/14和5.12PA;感病品系6个,为AC6、9.1NAS、7.1PA、1.12PA、12.8PA和12.9PA;其余41个品系均属于高感品系。说明莫桑比克推广种植的腰果品系的果梨对白粉病抗性普遍较差,容易遭受白粉病为害。

In Nampula Province of Mozambique, the cashew apple damage of 60 cashew clones caused by powdery mildew disease was investigated. The result indicated that, under the same condition, the cashew apple damage degree of different cashew clones was different. The cashew apple damage degree of AZA17/79 was the lowest. Its damage rate and damage index was 3.7% and 0.9t % respectively. The next were HI, M96-2.3VM, AC34, 4.2VM and Local 3. Their damage rates were between 9.4% and 20.4%, and their damage indexes were between 4.87% and 10.28%. The damage rates and damage indexes of other clones were higher relatively. According to the resistance evaluation criteria of cashew to powdery mildew disease in this paper, there were 5 high resistant clones, 5 resistant clones, 3 moderate resistant clones, 6 susceptible clones and 41 high susceptible clones in the 60 investigated cashew clones. The high resistant clones were AZA17/79, H1, M96- 2.3VM, AC34 and 4.2VM. The resistant clones were Local 3, B4, 2.4PA, 1.20VM and l l.9PA. The moderate resistant clones were CCM9-61, AC10/14 and 5.12PA. And the susceptible clones were AC6, 9.1NAS, 7.1PA, 1.12PA, 12.8PA and 12.9PA. The result indicated that the cashew apple of most cashew clones in Mozambique were low resistant to powdery mildew diseaseand they were easily damaged by powdery mildew disease.