不同甘蔗品种的机械化收获损失研究

Lost Caused by Mechanical Harvesting to Sugarcane Varieties

机械化收获是事关中国甘蔗产业水平提升和实现可持续发展的重要环节,而农机农艺融合是加速机械化收获推广应用的关键。采用国际主流甘蔗联合收割机Austoft7000型对5个甘蔗品种的机收田间损失率和夹杂物率进行了分析,研究结果表明:粤糖55和福农39是当地适宜机械化收获的高产品种;福农15蔗茎组织较松脆,机收不宜过高速行驶,以免蔗茎在收割机通道内挤压破损,造成田间损失增加,在此原则基础上,调大排杂风量可有效减少夹杂物。在上述研究基础上,提出了产能类型区分、熟期安排和机械作业面一致性的机收品种布局原则。

Mechanical harvesting is the most important link to enhance the sustainable development of the sugarcane industry in ChinA. The mechanized agronomical technique is the key point contributed to mechanization. We analyzed the lost caused by mechanical harvesting to different sugarcane varieties by using Austoft7000, the mainstream cane combine model in the world.The results showed：Yuetang55 and Funong39 were the high yield cane varieties suitable to mechanical harvesting. The stalk tissue of the variety Funongl5 showed loose and crisp and slower driving speed and stronger removal air volume were helpful to reduce the field lost and inclusion. We also provide the mechanical harvesting variety plan with yield composition type, mature period and mechanical operation surface consistency.