3种化感作物水浸液对远志种苗生长的影响

Effects of Three Allelopathic Crop Aqueous Extracts on Seedling Growth of Polygala tenuifolia Willd

用室内生物测定的方法测试3种化感植物(向日葵、高粱、玉米)叶片的不同质量浓度水浸液(0、0.02、0.025、0.033、0.05、0.1g.mL-1)对远志种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,3种水浸液在试验质量浓度范围内均对远志种子的发芽有低促高抑的化感效应,且质量浓度越高抑制效果越明显;3种供体材料的化感效应存在明显的供体植物种间差异,其抑制作用强弱表现为高粱>向日葵>玉米,对远志的最高安全质量浓度依次是0.025、0.033和0.1g.mL-1。其中玉米水浸液在质量浓度≤0.1g.mL-1时对远志的发芽率和发芽指数都是安全的,而且在最低质量浓度(0.02g.mL-1)的综合效应值为+0.004,表现为促进作用。因此,建议将玉米废弃秸秆作为首选材料进一步测试其废弃植株粉碎物对远志田杂草是否有抑制效果,以期为开发安全防治远志田杂草的植物源"除草剂"提供基础。

Effects of aqueous extracts of Helianthus annuus L.,Sorghum bicolor L.and Zea mays L.with different mass concentrations（0,0.02,0.025,0.033,0.05,0.1 g·mL-1） on the seed germination and seedling growth of P.tenuifolia were studied by laboratory bioassay.The results indicated that all aqueous extracts inhibited the germination of P.tenuifolia and increased at lower mass concentrations but decreased at higher mass concentrations.Meanwhile inhibition was strengthened along with the increase of extracts.The allelopathy effect is different between the donor species,the sensitive order was ranked as S.bicolorH.annuusZea mays.The most safety concentration for the growth of P.tenuifolia.is 0.025,0.033,and 0.1 g·mL-1,respectively.Corn aqueous extracts under the mass concentration of 0.1 g·mL-1 is safe on the germination rate and germination index,and at the low mass concentration of 0.02 g·mL-1,the SE is ＋0.004,which have positive effects on the seedling growth.Therefore,we recommended that corn residues as a material for testing its weed suppression effects,which provide a basis for the development of plant herbicide.