中国与发达国家经济增长的资源环境依赖差异

Economic Grouth's Resources and Environment Dependence between Developed Countries and China

主流经济增长理论是从国家立场考察增长问题,本质上是一种竞争优势理论,没有考虑资源环境要素对增长的决定性。文章将资源环境要素纳入增长方程,采用面板数据和时间序列方法分别估计资源环境要素对经济合作与发展组织(OECD)国家和中国经济增长的贡献率及其差异。结果发现,虽然在增长对资源环境要素的依赖性上OECD国家比中国低,但仍高达40%以上,与技术贡献率基本持平;假如考虑污染产业转移的作用,这个比例可能还要更高。正确的结论或许是发达国家表现为技术驱动型增长,中国等发展中国家经济仍然处于资本驱动型增长,资源环境要素仍然是大多数国家增长的基础。

Because the mainstream economic growth theory studies growth issues from the standpoint of the country, so it is a kind of competition advantage theory and hasn＇t considered the deterministic factors for growth such as re- source and environment. Bringing these factors into growth equation, then we estimate the contribution rate of re- source and environment factors to OECD and China and their difference with Panel Data and time series methods. The paper finds that although the degree of dependence on resource and environment factors of 0ECD is lower than that of China, it＇s still above 40% and roughly equal to the technology contribution rate. The contribution rate could be higher if we consider the effect of polluting industries being transferred to the outside. The true conclusion might be that technology drives growth in developed countries and the resources and environment drive growth in developing countries, such as China, but those growth types are all based significantly on consumption of resources and environ- ment.