离心压缩机碰摩振动分析及诊断

Analysis and Countermeasures of Rub-impact Vibration of the Centrifugal Compressor

针对福建龙岩某厂离心压缩机工作中碰摩振动的实际故障,从产生的机理分析入手,总结了碰摩振动的现象、类型、特征和原因,认为发生碰摩时,振动波形和轴心轨迹不稳定,工频是主要成分,严重碰摩时,二、三次谐波幅值增加明显。分析了影响碰摩振动的因素,认为偏心距、转速、半径间隙、偏心量、静子径向刚度等对碰摩振动影响较大。在碰摩振动故障诊断方面提出用HHT诊断方法,可以在早期尽快、准确发现故障;在实际工作中,提出一些具体的改进对策,对减少碰摩故障的发生有指导意义。

The paper studies the practical fault of rub-impact vibration of the centrifugal compressor in a certain factory in Longyan.From the analysis of the mechanism,the paper summarizes the rub-impact vibration phenomenon,types,characteristics and reasons.It is found that vibration waveform and orbit of shaft center are unstable when rub-impact happens,and that work frequency is the main reason.Amplitudes of second and third harmonic waves are increased significantly when rub-impact is serious.Factors of rub-impact,radius clearance,eccentricity,rotational speed and radial stiffness of stator are thought to have large effect on rub-impact vibration.By detecting the sign of rub-impact vibration with HHT detection methods,we can detect the fault at an early stage.In actual work,we put forward some concrete improvement measures,which is of guiding significance to reduce the occurrence of rub-impact fault.