秦岭山地濒危植物秦岭冷杉群落结构特征研究

Community Structure Characteristics of Abies chensiensis——an Endangered Plant

采用样方调查法对秦岭山地5个具有代表性分布点的秦岭冷杉群落特征进行研究,结果显示:(1)在调查的15个样地中共有维管植物94种隶属于46科79属,其中蕨类植物1科1属1种。植物的科属组成较为分散,群落垂直结构分层明显,分为乔木层、灌木层及草本层3层,林下草本层优势种不明显。群落生活型谱显示以乔木层、灌木层和草本层在内的高位芽植物占绝对优势,占总数的61.6%。(2)通过对样方中物种重要值的分析,可将5个分布点秦岭冷杉群落划分为4个群丛。(3)对秦岭冷杉种群大小级分析显示,秦岭冷杉幼苗稀少仅占总数的13.5%,成熟林植株占76.9%,整个种群呈现衰退型。

Quadrat method was applied to investigate the five representative plots of Abies chensiensis in Qinling mountains.The result showed that： i） among the 15 plots,there are 94 kinds species of vascular plant belonging to 79 genera and 46 families.One species is fern.The plants family and genus are quite disperse but with significant vertical structure.Biological spectrum is dominated by phanerophyte about 61.6% in all the shrub,trees and grass,which is about;ii） Important value analysis of the plots makes the five plots fall into 4 associations;iii） the size analysis of Abies chensiensis community showed that the whole community is in recession due to its young seedlings only taking up 13.5% and mature trees taking up 76.9%.