放弃化疗肿瘤患者第一亲属心理体验的质性研究

Qualitative research： psychological experience of the first relatives of cancer patients who giving up chemotherapy

目的探讨放弃化疗肿瘤患者第一亲属在患者放弃化疗后的心理体验，为提高肿瘤患者家庭及第一亲属生活质量提供参考。方法采用质性研究中的现象学分析法深度访谈15例放弃化疗肿瘤患者第一亲属的心理感受，每例访谈进行全程录音，采用Colaizzi分析法收集资料，提炼主题。结果放弃化疗肿瘤患者第一亲属心理体验归结为3个主题：得知患者放弃化疗时的心理反应有焦虑与埋怨、悲哀与恐惧、懊悔与无助、矛盾与无奈；患者放弃化疗后对第一亲属生活及心理的持续影响包括对生活的影响：生活重心的改变、生活方式的改变；对心理的持续影响主要有抑郁和焦虑，自责内疚等。结论肿瘤患者家属承受巨大的精神和生活压力，尤其是患者放弃化疗后。因此，需要对放弃化疗的肿瘤患者的亲属尽可能提供医疗、信息、情感等多种支持。

Objective To study the psychological experience of first relatives of cancer patients who giving up chemotherapy so as to provide evidence for improving life quality of families and relatives of cancer patients. Methods Phenomenologieal analysis of qualitative study was used for in-depth interviews among 15 cases of relatives. Data were collected and analyzed using Colaizzi analysis. Results Psychological experiences of relatives were attributed to the three themes： psychological reactions including anxiety, blame, sadness, fear, remorse, helplessness, conflict and frustration. Impact on life including shifting of life focus, changing of lifestyle. In addition, depression, anxiety and guilty were major psychological experiences of those relatives. Conclusions Cancer patients＇ relatives are under great mental pressure, especially after giving up chemotherapy. Medical information, emotional and other support are needed for them.