不同型号静脉留置针滴注20％甘露醇的效果比较

Effect of different types of venous indwelling needle on 20 % mannitol intravenously infusion

目的比较采用不同型号静脉留置针输入20％甘露醇的临床效果。方法采用随机对照研究的方法，将82例需输注20％甘露醇的脑部疾病患者按照静脉留置针的不同型号随机分为观察组（24G，43例）和对照组（22G，39例），两组均按q．8h～q．12h滴人20％甘露醇125—250ml，每位患者输入4d，采用统一制定的观察记录表记录输注过程中的各项指标，并统计穿刺成功率、静脉炎发生率、针头堵塞率、重新置管率及留置时间。结果不同型号静脉留置针穿刺成功率、重新置管率及针头堵塞率比较，两组差异无统计学意义（x。值分别为2．9823，0．0123，0．0154；P〉0．05）；观察组在留置时间上长于对照组[（89．9902±20．3606）h比（80．2800±23．2790）h]，在静脉炎发生率方面低于对照组（20．9％比41．0％），两组比较，差异有统计学意义（t=2．0147，χ2=3．8970；P〈0．05）。结论临床护理人员对输入20％甘露醇的患者应尽可能选择24G留置针，以减少静脉炎的发生并延长留置时间。

Objective To discuss the effects of different types of venous indwelling needles on 20% mannitol intravenously infusion. Methods Randomized controlled study method was adopted and 82 inpatients with brain diseases were divided into observational group （n = 43 ） using 24G venous indwelling needle and control group （n = 39 ） using 22G type. Patients in the two groups were given 20% mannitol intravenously infusion （q8h-ql2h） for 4 days. Uniform observation sheet was used to record indexes during infusing. The success rate of puncture, incidence of phlebitis, needle blockage rate, re-puncture rate and indwelling time were recorded and compared. Results No statistically significance was detected in the success rate of puncture, repuncture rate and needle blockage rate between the two groups （χ2 = 2. 982 3,0.012 3,0.015 4, respectively; P 〉 0.05 ）. Significant difference in indwelling time [ （ 89. 990 2 ± 20. 360 6 ） h vs （ 80. 280 0 ± 23. 279 0 ） h ] and incidence of phlebitis （20.9% vs 41.0% ） between observational group and control group was detected （ t = 2. 0147, χ2 = 3. 8970 ; P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions Clinical nursing staff should choose 24G venous indweUing needle when giving 20% mannitol intravenously infusion to patients so as to reduce the incidence of phlebitis and extend the indwelline time.