城市郊区农村居民家庭养老支持力系统的构建——以西安为例

Construction of Supporting System for Family Providing for the Aged in Rural Areas——With the Suburb of Xi'an as an Example

传统家庭在人口老龄化和人口迁移的结构性冲击下,养老功能的发挥遇到了前所未有的瓶颈;新农保政策也因制度设计缺陷无法达到政策的预期效果。农村现行养老方式受到了严峻挑战。鉴于家庭保障功能在农村养老中不可替代的作用,通过让家庭之外的社会资源注入家庭内部将家庭养老功能外化,通过增强内力——家庭经济实力(提高居民收入水平、完善家庭政策支持),壮大外源——政府、社区和集体支持共同作用,最终形成一种内源式生长和外源给予强力支持的农村养老保障模式。

The pace of the population aging is faster in suburbs than in cities as more and more young people move to work in cities,which causes a lot of the aged people in the rural areas beyond care,and the new rural en- dowment policy fails to obtain its goal due to the defects in its system design. So the family providing for the aged is still an irreplaceable way to take care o{ the old people in the rural areas. Meanwhile,a supporting system should be constructed to offer an external support to family＇s efforts in taking care of the aged. Through strengthening the internal power of the family,including increasing people＇s income and improving family policy support, and exten- ding the external resources, including joint support from the government, communities and collectives, a proper mode of providing for the aged in rural areas will be formed with both internal and external advantages.