高能电子碰撞电离对高空核爆炸辐射电离的影响

The effect of energetic electron impact ionization on radiation ionization process of high-altitude nuclear explosion

利用数值模拟程序模拟了不同高度核爆炸下距离爆点不同位置处大气的X射线电离及演化过程,分析了高能电子碰撞电离过程对高空核爆炸电离效应的影响.结果表明:高能电子碰撞电离过程对高空核爆炸的电离结果产生了重要影响,在80 km爆高1 kt当量高空核爆炸条件下,在距离爆点1.5 km处高能电子的碰撞电离效应使得电子的峰值数密度提高了约2个数量级;随着时间的增加,高能电子能谱逐渐向低能方向发展,在5μs后高能电子数密度随电子能量近似呈负指数分布;电子峰值时间与爆高有关,随着爆高的增加而增大,电离的影响区域也随着爆高的增加而增大.在80 km爆高1 kt当量情况下电离效应对近百千米范围内的微波通信具有严重影响.

The X-ray ionizations and atmospheric temporal evolutions of different altitude nuclear explosions at different distances are numerically simulated. The effects of energetic electron impact ionization on radiation ionization process are analyzed in this paper. It is concluded that the energetic electron impact ionization process is important for radiation ionization, and in the case of 1 kt equivalent explosion at 80 km, the electron density at 1.5 km distance from explosion center increases two orders because of the energetic electron impact ionization. In 5 μs the spectral energy distribution of energetic electrons varies with time, and the number density of energetic electrons decaying with electron energy will present an approximately negative exponential distribution. The peak time of electron density and the influence area of ionization increase with explosion altitude increasing. The ionization effect for 1 kt equivalent explosion at 80 km has an important influence on micro-wave communication in a 100 km range.