河池市2010年甲型病毒性肝炎流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of viral hepatitis A in Hechi City in 2010

目的分析河池市2010年甲型病毒性肝炎流行特征,为制定甲肝防治策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学研究方法对河池市2010年报告的甲肝疫情资料和暴发疫情流行病学调查及实验室检测资料进行统计分析。结果2010年河池市共报告甲肝病人483例,年平均发病率为12.16/10万,发病人数与2009年(215例)同比上升了124.65%。暴发病例均为学生占总病例的43.69%(211例),患者的主要临床表现为乏力、纳差、厌油腻、巩膜黄染和茶尿。结论河池市存在甲肝暴发流行的安全隐患,疫情的发生均因生活用水受污染所致,需要加强包括甲肝疫苗接种、生活饮用水和食品卫生监管以及健康教育等综合防治。

Objective To analyze the epidemiologlcal characteristics of viral hepatitis A in Hechi City in 2010 so as to provide scientific evidences for formulating control strategy. Methods The reported epidemic data of viral hepatitis A, the data of epidemiological investigation of outbreak and laboratory tests in 2010 in Hechi City were statistically analyzed with the descriptive epidemiolo^eal research methods. Resu}ts Totally 483 eases were reported in Hechi City in 2010, with the annual average incidence rate of 12.16/100000. The number of patients in 2010 was increased of 124.65% than in 2009 （215 patients）. 211 outbreaks were found among students （43.69%）. The main clinical manifestations of patients were fatigue, anorexia, tired of greasy, yellowish discoloration of selera and tea urine. Conclusion There is security risk of outbreak of viral hepatitis A in Hechi City and the occurrence of outbreaks were caused by the polluted domestic water. The comprehensive prevention need to be strengthened included viral hepatitis A vaccination, drinking water,food hygiene supervision and health education.