可降解可食性鱼鳞胶薄膜的研制

Development of the Degradable Edible Gelatin Film from Fish Scale

以罗非鱼鱼鳞为原料,对热水法提取罗非鱼鱼鳞胶工艺进行研究。实验将粉碎后的干鱼鳞直接采用热水提取,对提取条件(温度、料液比、时间)进行优化。确定热水提取法最佳条件:料液比为1∶30(g/mL)、提取温度为85℃、提取时间为6 h,此时可得到较大提取率38.29%。同时,以罗非鱼鱼鳞胶原蛋白和壳聚糖为原料制备复合膜,测定了共混膜的力学性能,结果表明:复合膜的最佳组成是2%壳聚糖溶液与6%胶原蛋白溶液的体积比为1∶1,甘油浓度为25%。复合膜拉伸强度厚度约为35μm^50μm,拉伸强度达到14.45 MPa,断裂伸长率为39.82%。可替代塑料膜或塑料袋用作可食用、可降解的食品内包装膜,也用于豆奶粉、茶叶、方便面调味料的包装。

The grinded dry tilapia scales were used to extract gelatin by hot water,and the process was optimized.The conditions（extracting temperature,solid to water ratio,extracting time） were optimized and the optimum condition was that extracting temperature,85 ℃,solid to water ratio,1∶30（g/mL）,extraction time,6 h.the biggest extraction rate was 38.29 %.The tilapia scales gelatin extracted under the optimum condition and chitin were used to prepare composite film and the mechanical properties were tested.The results show that the optimal ratio of 6 % gelatin solution and 2 % chitin solution was 1∶1（volume ratio） and the concentration of glycerol is 25 %.The tensile strength（TS） and the elongation at break（EAB） of the 35 μm-50 μm composite film was 14.45 MPa and 39.82 %.The edible and biodegradable film can substitute for the traditional plastic bags as food pack in packing bean powdered milk,tea and instant noodles seasoning powder.